Abstract: Lung cancer exhibits the highest incidence and mortality rates among malignant tumors in China, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most prevalent pathological type. Surgery serves as the primary curative-intent treatment for early-stage and selected locally advanced NSCLC. However, even after radical resection, patients remain at risk of tumor recurrence and metastasis. Historical data indicate that perioperative chemotherapy offers only modest survival benefits. The advent of immunotherapy has provided a novel therapeutic option for patients with resectable NSCLC. With the increasing clinical adoption of perioperative immunotherapy, numerous immunotherapy-related clinical questions have emerged. To address this, an expert consensus panel conducted in-depth discussions on key issues surrounding perioperative immunotherapy for resectable NSCLC, culminating in the development of this consensus. The aim is to provide guidance to assist clinicians in optimizing clinical practice. (English version is available on www.jebm.cn).